Research problem statements are explanations of what?

The concept of research problem statements is rooted in identifying and articulating specific issues or challenges present within a certain context or field of study. These statements serve as a basis for researchers to define what they are investigating, highlighting specific gaps or disparities in existing knowledge or practice.

When a research problem statement focuses on disparity, it effectively conveys the differences or inconsistencies that exist within the data, highlighting areas where outcomes are not equitable or where knowledge is lacking. This sets the groundwork for research objectives aimed at exploring and addressing these discrepancies.

In contrast, relationships refer to the connections between variables, intent pertains to the purpose of the research, and effectiveness relates to the impact or success of interventions or practices. While these aspects can certainly play roles in the overall research process, they do not encapsulate the primary purpose of a problem statement in the way that identifying disparity does. A well-framed research problem statement not only points out the specific issue but also lays the foundation for driving inquiry into that gap in understanding or practice.