What is the definition of random sampling?

The definition of random sampling is accurately represented by the idea that each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected. This method ensures that the sample is a representative subset of the larger population, reducing biases that may arise from subjective selection processes. By giving every individual an equal opportunity to be chosen, random sampling increases the likelihood that the sample will reflect the diversity and characteristics of the whole population. This foundational principle is critical for obtaining valid and reliable results in research, as it helps to generalize findings and establish statistical power.

In contrast, methods based on convenience or specific characteristics can lead to skewed results and do not provide the same level of representativeness. Techniques that focus on particular groups within the population can also introduce selection bias, making it difficult to draw broader conclusions about the entire population. Random sampling addresses these concerns, promoting fairness and objectivity in the selection process.